10 questions ยท Form 4 Chemistry Bab 4: Acid, Base and Salt
A solid salt X is heated strongly. It yields a brown gas that turns moist blue litmus paper red, and leaves a residue that is YELLOW when hot and WHITE when cold. What is salt X?
Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.
1. A solid salt X is heated strongly. It yields a brown gas that turns moist blue litmus paper red, and leaves a residue that is YELLOW when hot and WHITE when cold. What is salt X?
Answer: C
Brown gas is NO2 (from nitrate). Oxide residue that is yellow when hot and white when cold is Zinc oxide (ZnO). Thus, salt X is Zinc nitrate.
2. Which reagent is used to confirm the presence of chloride ions (Cl-) in an aqueous solution?
Answer: B
Acidifying with dilute HNO3 and adding AgNO3 yields a white precipitate of AgCl if Cl- ions are present.
3. Which reagent can be used to distinguish between Aluminium ion (Al3+) and Lead(II) ion (Pb2+) solutions?
Answer: B
Potassium iodide (KI) reacts with Pb2+ to form a bright yellow precipitate (PbI2), whereas no precipitate forms with Al3+.
4. Which salt can be prepared using the acid + alkali titration method?
Answer: B
Potassium nitrate (KNO3) is a soluble SPAN salt (Potassium), so it must be prepared via titration.
5. Why does glacial ethanoic acid dissolved in dry propanone fail to turn dry blue litmus paper red?
Answer: B
Acids require water to ionise and produce hydrogen ions (H+), which are responsible for displaying acidic properties.
6. Which salt is INSOLUBLE in water at room temperature?
Answer: B
Lead(II) sulfate (PbSO4) is one of the insoluble sulfates (PBC: PbSO4, BaSO4, CaSO4).
7. What volume of water must be added to 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 NaOH solution to dilute it to 0.5 mol dm-3?
Answer: A
Using M1V1 = M2V2: (2.0)(50) = (0.5)(V2) => V2 = 200 cm3 total volume. Volume of water to add = 200 - 50 = 150 cm3.
8. What observation confirms the formation of a brown ring in the confirmatory test for nitrate ions (NO3-)?
Answer: C
The nitrate brown ring test forms a distinct brown ring of [Fe(H2O)5(NO)]2+ at the junction of the concentrated sulfuric acid and aqueous layer.
9. What is the pH value of a 0.01 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution?
Answer: B
pH = -log[H+]. For 0.01 mol dm-3 HCl (10-2 mol dm-3), pH = -log(0.01) = 2.0.
10. When sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution is added until excess to an unknown cation solution, a white precipitate forms which DISSOLVES in excess NaOH. Adding aqueous ammonia (NH3) until excess also produces a white precipitate which DISSOLVES in excess NH3. Which cation is present?
Answer: C
Zinc ion (Zn2+) is the only cation whose white hydroxide precipitate dissolves in EXCESS of both NaOH and NH3 solutions.